8.29. os 模块 API 文档

8.29.1. API

def __init__(self):...

def mkdir(self,path:str,*mode):...

def rmdir(self,path:str):...

def chdir(self,path:str):...

def listdir(self,path:str)->list:...

def getcwd(self)->str:...

def open(self,filename:str,flags:int)->FILE:...

def read(self,fd:FILE,len:int)->str:...

def write(self,fd:FILE,buf:any)->int:...

def lseek(self,fd:FILE,pos:int,how:int)->int:...

def close(self,fd:FILE):...

def fstat(self,fd:FILE)->fileStat:...

def remove(self,filename:str):...

def rename(self,old:str,new:str):...

8.29.1.1. class fileStat:

def st_size(self)->int:...

8.29.1.2. class path:

def join(self,*paths)->str:...

def split(self,path:str)->tuple:...

def splitext(self,path:str)->tuple:...

def basename(self,path:str)->str:...

def dirname(self,path:str)->str:...

def exists(self,path:str)->bool:...

def isdir(self,path:str)->bool:...

def isfile(self,path:str)->bool:...

def isabs(self,path:str)->bool:...

def abspath(self,path:str)->str:...

8.29.2. Examples

8.29.2.1. os_path.py

import os
p = os.path
assert p.join('dir', 'file.txt') == 'dir/file.txt'
assert p.join('/home/user', 'dir', 'file.txt') == '/home/user/dir/file.txt'

# Test split method
assert p.split('dir/file.txt')[0] == 'dir'
assert p.split('dir/file.txt')[1] == 'file.txt'
assert p.split('/home/user/dir/file.txt')[0] == '/home/user/dir'
assert p.split('/home/user/dir/file.txt')[1] == 'file.txt'
    
# Test splitext method
assert p.splitext('file.txt')[0] == 'file'
assert p.splitext('file.txt')[1] == '.txt'
assert p.splitext('/home/user/file.tar.gz')[0] == '/home/user/file.tar'
assert p.splitext('/home/user/file.tar.gz')[1] == '.gz'

# Test basename method
assert p.basename('dir/file.txt') == 'file.txt'
assert p.basename('/home/user/dir/file.txt') == 'file.txt'

# Test dirname method
assert p.dirname('dir/file.txt') == 'dir'
assert p.dirname('/home/user/dir/file.txt') == '/home/user/dir'

# Test exists method
assert p.exists('config/pika_config_void') == False
assert p.exists('/usr/bin') == True

# Test isdir method
assert p.isdir('config/pika_config_void.h') == False
assert p.isdir('config') == True

# Test isfile method
assert p.isfile('config') == False
assert p.isfile('config/pika_config_void.h') == True

# Test isabs method
assert p.isabs('dir/file.txt') == False
assert p.isabs('/home/user/file.txt') == True

# Test abspath method
# assert p.abspath('config/pika_config_void.h') == "/root/pikascript/port/linux/config/pika_config_void.h"
assert p.abspath('/usr/bin') == "/usr/bin"

print("PASS")

8.29.2.2. os_test1.py

import os
origin = os.getcwd()
os.chdir("test/out")
os.getcwd()

try:
    # cleanup
    os.remove("_testdir/testfile")
    os.rmdir("_testdir")
except:
    pass

os.mkdir("_testdir")
os.chdir("_testdir")


f = os.open("testfile", os.O_CREAT | os.O_RDWR)
assert os.write(f, b"Hello World!") == 12
assert os.lseek(f, 0, 0) == 0
print(os.read(f, 100))
os.close(f)
os.chdir("..")
os.chdir(origin)
os.listdir('.')
print("PASS")